With Hurricane Helene disrupting travel, here's what flyers need to know

• Hurricane Helene brought high winds and mass flooding to parts of the Southeast U.S., including Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia and Tennessee.
• Airlines don't generally owe a financial duty to customers because of weather related events, experts said.
• Some carriers are offering concessions in certain areas like Asheville, North Carolina, and Valdosta, Georgia.

As the Southeast U.S. recovers in the aftermath of Hurricane Helene's destruction, consumers looking to change their air travel plans to or from affected areas without taking a financial hit may be out of luck, experts said.

"The big-picture issue that happens in U.S. air travel: When there is a significant disruption, air passengers have very, very limited rights" when it comes to compensation, said Eric Napoli, chief legal officer at AirHelp, an online service that assists airline passengers.

'Catastrophic damage'

Hurricane Helene made landfall Thursday in Florida as a Category 4 storm, leaving a swath of wind- and flood-related damage across Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia and Tennessee.

The storm killed more than 120 people, knocked out power for millions of people and left many stranded without basic necessities like running water.

The North Carolina Department of Transportation urged people to avoid unnecessary travel in the western part of the state due to hundreds of road closures from downed trees, landslides and "catastrophic damage."

What airlines owe passengers

Amid that destruction, travelers hoping to change flights for free or cancel their plans for a refund may find airlines unwilling to grant that financial flexibility.

Airlines do generally owe "prompt" refunds to passengers if they cancel or make a "significant change" to a flight, regardless of the reason, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation. That's true even for consumers with non-refundable tickets.

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However, weather-related events like Hurricane Helene are generally considered to be outside an airline's control, meaning passengers have relatively few rights to compensation, experts said.

The airline's duty in such cases generally depends on a passenger's specific fare, such as economy or business class, Napoli said.

"There's nothing [airlines] will do for you" if your conference was canceled and you don't have a ticket that grants free cancellation or comes without fees for changes, he said.

Airlines make concessions in some cases

Some airlines are making concessions tied to Hurricane Helene, though they vary by carrier and geography.

"All the rules are different," said Sally French, a travel expert at NerdWallet.

Many major U.S. carriers have dedicated webpages for travel alerts outlining their policies around specific events, she said.

For example, American Airlines, Delta Airlines and United Airlines have alerts about flooding in the Southeast. Many focus on areas around Asheville, North Carolina, and some parts of Georgia like the city of Valdosta.

United is waiving change fees and fare differences for passengers whose flight was affected by flooding and who choose to reschedule their flight, for example.

United's policy comes with parameters: Passengers must have purchased their ticket before Sept. 26, for travel between Sept. 30 and Oct. 31, 2024; the new flight must be a United flight leaving by the end of 2024 and between the same cities as originally booked. Those who cancel can get a full refund.

American Airlines is also giving leeway to passengers scheduled to travel through Augusta, Georgia, between Sept. 29 and Oct. 4. They must book changes by Oct. 4.

Delta passengers scheduled to fly through Asheville or Valdosta must travel on rebooked flights by Oct. 18 to avoid paying a fare difference. Change fees would still be waived past that date, however.

Read the specifics of insurance policies

Travel insurance isn't always a fail-safe in the event consumers can't get reimbursed from the travel provider for a flight, hotel or other travel expenses, experts said.

If you didn't purchase a cancel-for-any-reason policy, your trip problems typically have to fall under specific, covered reasons. Plus, policies bought after Helene became a named storm generally won't cover claims related to it.

"Make sure you read the fine print and what the insurance is actually covering," Napoli said.

Consumers who purchased their trip with a credit card may get certain travel reimbursement benefits from their card issuer, sometimes even in the case of severe weather, French said. Credit-card companies generally require a "quick turnaround" on a claim, often within 21 days, she said.